Uploaders.S3: Replace unsafe characters in object key

According to [the S3 docs][s3], the characters safe for use in object keys are:

* 0-9
* a-z
* A-Z
* !
* -
* _
* .
* *
* '
* (
* )

(The / character is not listed but mentioned being safe outside of the list.)

Several characters that are valid in filenames can cause problems, for example
spaces are not valid in URLs and need to be escaped,
sequences of spaces can become squeezed by S3,
some characters like \ are documented to require “significant special handling”.

To avoid these problems, this change encodes the filename
before using it as part of the S3 object name
by replacing all characters except those documented as “safe” with dashes.

[s3]: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/UsingMetadata.html

lib/pleroma/uploaders/s3.ex

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ def put_file(name, uuid, path, content_type, _should_dedupe) do
 
     File.rm!(path)
 
-    s3_name = "#{uuid}/#{name}"
+    s3_name = "#{uuid}/#{encode(name)}"
 
     {:ok, _} =
       ExAws.S3.put_object(bucket, s3_name, file_data, [
@@ -21,4 +21,8 @@ def put_file(name, uuid, path, content_type, _should_dedupe) do
 
     {:ok, "#{public_endpoint}/#{bucket}/#{s3_name}"}
   end
+
+  defp encode(name) do
+    String.replace(name, ~r/[^0-9a-zA-Z!.*'()_-]/, "-")
+  end
 end