diff --git a/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/deliver.ts b/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/deliver.ts
index 2795b7d15..4dc3defd7 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/deliver.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/deliver.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export default async (job: Bull.Job<DeliverJobData>) => {
 				isNotResponding: false,
 			});
 
-			fetchInstanceMetadata(i);
+			fetchInstanceMetadata(host);
 		});
 	} catch (res) {
 		// Update stats
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/inbox.ts b/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/inbox.ts
index 696cb4cdf..8e3574608 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/inbox.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export default async (job: Bull.Job<InboxJobData>): Promise<string> => {
 			isNotResponding: false,
 		});
 
-		fetchInstanceMetadata(i);
+		fetchInstanceMetadata(i.host);
 
 		instanceChart.requestReceived(i.host);
 		apRequestChart.inbox();
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/system/update-instance.ts b/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/system/update-instance.ts
index 657e0bf67..4485d5a89 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/system/update-instance.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/queue/processors/system/update-instance.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import Bull from 'bull';
 import { fetchInstanceMetadata } from '@/services/fetch-instance-metadata.js';
 
 export async function updateInstance(job: Bull.Job<Record<string, unknown>>, done: any): Promise<void> {
-	await fetchInstanceMetadata({ host: job.data.host }, true);
+	await fetchInstanceMetadata(job.data.host, true);
 
 	done();
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/remote/activitypub/models/person.ts b/packages/backend/src/remote/activitypub/models/person.ts
index 4b9218deb..ba688aa25 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/remote/activitypub/models/person.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/remote/activitypub/models/person.ts
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ export async function createPerson(value: string | IObject, resolver: Resolver):
 	registerOrFetchInstanceDoc(host).then(i => {
 		Instances.increment({ id: i.id }, 'usersCount', 1);
 		instanceChart.newUser(i.host);
-		fetchInstanceMetadata(i);
+		fetchInstanceMetadata(i.host);
 	});
 
 	usersChart.update(user!, true);
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/server/api/endpoints/admin/federation/refresh-remote-instance-metadata.ts b/packages/backend/src/server/api/endpoints/admin/federation/refresh-remote-instance-metadata.ts
index 502cbdb0c..3e7f9c796 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/server/api/endpoints/admin/federation/refresh-remote-instance-metadata.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/server/api/endpoints/admin/federation/refresh-remote-instance-metadata.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-import { Instances } from '@/models/index.js';
 import { toPuny } from '@/misc/convert-host.js';
-import { ApiError } from '@/server/api/error.js';
 import { fetchInstanceMetadata } from '@/services/fetch-instance-metadata.js';
 import define from '@/server/api/define.js';
 
@@ -9,8 +7,6 @@ export const meta = {
 
 	requireCredential: true,
 	requireModerator: true,
-
-	errors: ['NO_SUCH_OBJECT'],
 } as const;
 
 export const paramDef = {
@@ -23,11 +19,5 @@ export const paramDef = {
 
 // eslint-disable-next-line import/no-default-export
 export default define(meta, paramDef, async (ps) => {
-	const instance = await Instances.findOneBy({ host: toPuny(ps.host) });
-
-	if (instance == null) {
-		throw new ApiError('NO_SUCH_OBJECT');
-	}
-
-	fetchInstanceMetadata(instance, true);
+	fetchInstanceMetadata(toPuny(ps.host), true);
 });
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/services/fetch-instance-metadata.ts b/packages/backend/src/services/fetch-instance-metadata.ts
index 3b3c2d7aa..44fef77d4 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/services/fetch-instance-metadata.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/services/fetch-instance-metadata.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import fetch from 'node-fetch';
 import tinycolor from 'tinycolor2';
 import { DAY } from '@/const.js';
 import { getJson, getHtml, getAgentByUrl } from '@/misc/fetch.js';
-import { Instance } from '@/models/entities/instance.js';
 import { Instances } from '@/models/index.js';
 import { getFetchInstanceMetadataLock } from '@/misc/app-lock.js';
 import { createUpdateInstanceJob } from '@/queue/index.js';
@@ -12,16 +11,16 @@ import Logger from './logger.js';
 
 const logger = new Logger('metadata');
 
-export async function fetchInstanceMetadata(instance: Instance, force = false): Promise<void> {
-	const unlock = await getFetchInstanceMetadataLock(instance.host);
+export async function fetchInstanceMetadata(instance_host: string, force = false): Promise<void> {
+	const unlock = await getFetchInstanceMetadataLock(instance_host);
 
+	const instance = await Instances.findOneBy({ host: instance_host });
 	if (!force) {
-		const _instance = await Instances.findOneBy({ host: instance.host });
-		if (_instance && _instance.infoUpdatedAt) {
-			const threshold = Date.now() - _instance.infoUpdatedAt.getTime();
+		if (instance && !instance.isNotResponding && instance.infoUpdatedAt) {
+			const threshold = Date.now() - instance.infoUpdatedAt.getTime();
 			if (threshold > DAY) {
 				// queue a job to deal with it later
-				createUpdateInstanceJob(instance.host);
+				createUpdateInstanceJob(instance_host);
 			}
 			// if the instance is already known and force is not specified,
 			// never update the data in the same thread
@@ -30,24 +29,24 @@ export async function fetchInstanceMetadata(instance: Instance, force = false):
 		}
 	}
 
-	logger.info(`Fetching metadata of ${instance.host} ...`);
+	logger.info(`Fetching metadata of ${instance_host} ...`);
 
 	try {
 		const [info, dom, manifest] = await Promise.all([
-			fetchNodeinfo(instance).catch(() => null),
-			fetchDom(instance).catch(() => null),
-			fetchManifest(instance).catch(() => null),
+			fetchNodeinfo(instance_host).catch(() => null),
+			fetchDom(instance_host).catch(() => null),
+			fetchManifest(instance_host).catch(() => null),
 		]);
 
 		const [favicon, icon, themeColor, name, description] = await Promise.all([
-			fetchFaviconUrl(instance, dom).catch(() => null),
-			fetchIconUrl(instance, dom, manifest).catch(() => null),
+			fetchFaviconUrl(instance_host, dom).catch(() => null),
+			fetchIconUrl(instance_host, dom, manifest).catch(() => null),
 			getThemeColor(info, dom, manifest).catch(() => null),
 			getSiteName(info, dom, manifest).catch(() => null),
 			getDescription(info, dom, manifest).catch(() => null),
 		]);
 
-		logger.succ(`Successfuly fetched metadata of ${instance.host}`);
+		logger.succ(`Successfuly fetched metadata of ${instance_host}`);
 
 		const updates = {
 			infoUpdatedAt: new Date(),
@@ -69,9 +68,9 @@ export async function fetchInstanceMetadata(instance: Instance, force = false):
 
 		await Instances.update(instance.id, updates);
 
-		logger.succ(`Successfuly updated metadata of ${instance.host}`);
+		logger.succ(`Successfuly updated metadata of ${instance_host}`);
 	} catch (e) {
-		logger.error(`Failed to update metadata of ${instance.host}: ${e}`);
+		logger.error(`Failed to update metadata of ${instance_host}: ${e}`);
 	} finally {
 		unlock();
 	}
@@ -96,11 +95,11 @@ type NodeInfo = {
 	};
 };
 
-async function fetchNodeinfo(instance: Instance): Promise<NodeInfo> {
-	logger.info(`Fetching nodeinfo of ${instance.host} ...`);
+async function fetchNodeinfo(instance_host: string): Promise<NodeInfo> {
+	logger.info(`Fetching nodeinfo of ${instance_host} ...`);
 
 	try {
-		const wellknown = await getJson('https://' + instance.host + '/.well-known/nodeinfo')
+		const wellknown = await getJson('https://' + instance_host + '/.well-known/nodeinfo')
 			.catch(e => {
 				if (e.statusCode === 404) {
 					throw new Error('No nodeinfo provided');
@@ -129,21 +128,21 @@ async function fetchNodeinfo(instance: Instance): Promise<NodeInfo> {
 				throw new Error(e.statusCode || e.message);
 			});
 
-		logger.succ(`Successfuly fetched nodeinfo of ${instance.host}`);
+		logger.succ(`Successfuly fetched nodeinfo of ${instance_host}`);
 
 		return info as NodeInfo;
 	} catch (e) {
 		const message = e instanceof Error ? e.message : e;
-		logger.error(`Failed to fetch nodeinfo of ${instance.host}: ${message}`);
+		logger.error(`Failed to fetch nodeinfo of ${instance_host}: ${message}`);
 
 		throw e;
 	}
 }
 
-async function fetchDom(instance: Instance): Promise<DOMWindow['document']> {
-	logger.info(`Fetching HTML of ${instance.host} ...`);
+async function fetchDom(instance_host: string): Promise<DOMWindow['document']> {
+	logger.info(`Fetching HTML of ${instance_host} ...`);
 
-	const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
+	const url = 'https://' + instance_host;
 
 	const html = await getHtml(url);
 
@@ -153,8 +152,8 @@ async function fetchDom(instance: Instance): Promise<DOMWindow['document']> {
 	return doc;
 }
 
-async function fetchManifest(instance: Instance): Promise<Record<string, unknown> | null> {
-	const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
+async function fetchManifest(instance_host: string): Promise<Record<string, unknown> | null> {
+	const url = 'https://' + instance_host;
 
 	const manifestUrl = url + '/manifest.json';
 
@@ -163,8 +162,8 @@ async function fetchManifest(instance: Instance): Promise<Record<string, unknown
 	return manifest;
 }
 
-async function fetchFaviconUrl(instance: Instance, doc: DOMWindow['document'] | null): Promise<string | null> {
-	const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
+async function fetchFaviconUrl(instance_host: string, doc: DOMWindow['document'] | null): Promise<string | null> {
+	const url = 'https://' + instance_host;
 
 	if (doc) {
 		// https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/pull/8220#issuecomment-1025104043
@@ -190,19 +189,19 @@ async function fetchFaviconUrl(instance: Instance, doc: DOMWindow['document'] |
 	return null;
 }
 
-async function fetchIconUrl(instance: Instance, doc: DOMWindow['document'] | null, manifest: Record<string, any> | null): Promise<string | null> {
+async function fetchIconUrl(instance_host: string, doc: DOMWindow['document'] | null, manifest: Record<string, any> | null): Promise<string | null> {
 	if (manifest && manifest.icons && manifest.icons.length > 0 && manifest.icons[0].src) {
-		const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
+		const url = 'https://' + instance_host;
 		return (new URL(manifest.icons[0].src, url)).href;
 	}
 
 	if (doc) {
-		const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
+		const url = 'https://' + instance_host;
 
 		// https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/pull/8220#issuecomment-1025104043
 		const links = Array.from(doc.getElementsByTagName('link')).reverse();
 		// https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/pull/8220/files/0ec4eba22a914e31b86874f12448f88b3e58dd5a#r796487559
-		const href = 
+		const href =
 			[
 				links.find(link => link.relList.contains('apple-touch-icon-precomposed'))?.href,
 				links.find(link => link.relList.contains('apple-touch-icon'))?.href,