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Merge branch 'feat/doc-improvements' into 'develop'

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Documentation imrpovements

See merge request pleroma/pleroma!2084
This commit is contained in:
Haelwenn 2019-12-24 19:57:41 +00:00
commit 11e010fc77
4 changed files with 99 additions and 383 deletions
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1
docs/administration/CLI_tasks/digest.md
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@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ mix pleroma.digest test <nickname> [<since_date>]
Example:
```sh tab="OTP"
./bin/pleroma_ctl digest test donaldtheduck 2019-05-20
```

274
docs/installation/centos7_en.md
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@ -1,274 +0,0 @@
# Installing on CentOS 7
## Installation
This guide is a step-by-step installation guide for CentOS 7. It also assumes that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-sudo-user-on-centos-quickstart). If you want to run this guide with root, ignore the `sudo` at the beginning of the lines, unless it calls a user like `sudo -Hu pleroma`; in this case, use `su <username> -s $SHELL -c 'command'` instead.
### Required packages
* `postgresql` (9,6+, CentOS 7 comes with 9.2, we will install version 11 in this guide)
* `elixir` (1.5+)
* `erlang`
* `erlang-parsetools`
* `erlang-xmerl`
* `git`
* Development Tools
#### Optional packages used in this guide
* `nginx` (preferred, example configs for other reverse proxies can be found in the repo)
* `certbot` (or any other ACME client for Let’s Encrypt certificates)
### Prepare the system
* First update the system, if not already done:
```shell
sudo yum update
```
* Install some of the above mentioned programs:
```shell
sudo yum install wget git unzip
```
* Install development tools:
```shell
sudo yum group install "Development Tools"
```
### Install Elixir and Erlang
* Add the EPEL repo:
```shell
sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum -y update
```
* Install Erlang repository:
```shell
wget -P /tmp/ https://packages.erlang-solutions.com/erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
sudo rpm -Uvh erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
```
* Install Erlang:
```shell
sudo yum install erlang erlang-parsetools erlang-xmerl
```
* Download [latest Elixir release from Github](https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/releases/tag/v1.8.1) (Example for the newest version at the time when this manual was written)
```shell
wget -P /tmp/ https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/releases/download/v1.8.1/Precompiled.zip
```
* Create folder where you want to install Elixir, we’ll use:
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /opt/elixir
```
* Unzip downloaded file there:
```shell
sudo unzip /tmp/Precompiled.zip -d /opt/elixir
```
* Create symlinks for the pre-compiled binaries:
```shell
for e in elixir elixirc iex mix; do sudo ln -s /opt/elixir/bin/${e} /usr/local/bin/${e}; done
```
### Install PostgreSQL
* Add the Postgresql repository:
```shell
sudo yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos11-11-2.noarch.rpm
```
* Install the Postgresql server:
```shell
sudo yum install postgresql11-server postgresql11-contrib
```
* Initialize database:
```shell
sudo /usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb
```
* Open configuration file `/var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf` and change the following lines from:
```plain
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 ident
# IPv6 local connections:
host all all ::1/128 ident
```
to
```plain
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
# IPv6 local connections:
host all all ::1/128 md5
```
* Enable and start postgresql server:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now postgresql-11.service
```
### Install PleromaBE
* Add a new system user for the Pleroma service:
```shell
sudo useradd -r -s /bin/false -m -d /var/lib/pleroma -U pleroma
```
**Note**: To execute a single command as the Pleroma system user, use `sudo -Hu pleroma command`. You can also switch to a shell by using `sudo -Hu pleroma $SHELL`. If you don’t have and want `sudo` on your system, you can use `su` as root user (UID 0) for a single command by using `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL -c 'command'` and `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL` for starting a shell.
* Git clone the PleromaBE repository and make the Pleroma user the owner of the directory:
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /opt/pleroma
sudo chown -R pleroma:pleroma /opt/pleroma
sudo -Hu pleroma git clone -b stable https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma /opt/pleroma
```
* Change to the new directory:
```shell
cd /opt/pleroma
```
* Install the dependencies for Pleroma and answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `Hex`:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma mix deps.get
```
* Generate the configuration: `sudo -Hu pleroma mix pleroma.instance gen`
* Answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `rebar3`.
* This may take some time, because parts of pleroma get compiled first.
* After that it will ask you a few questions about your instance and generates a configuration file in `config/generated_config.exs`.
* Check the configuration and if all looks right, rename it, so Pleroma will load it (`prod.secret.exs` for productive instance, `dev.secret.exs` for development instances):
```shell
mv config/{generated_config.exs,prod.secret.exs}
```
* The previous command creates also the file `config/setup_db.psql`, with which you can create the database:
```shell
sudo -Hu postgres psql -f config/setup_db.psql
```
* Now run the database migration:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
```
* Now you can start Pleroma already
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server
```
### Finalize installation
If you want to open your newly installed instance to the world, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma and you should consider to create a systemd service file for Pleroma.
#### Nginx
* Install nginx, if not already done:
```shell
sudo yum install nginx
```
* Setup your SSL cert, using your method of choice or certbot. If using certbot, first install it:
```shell
sudo yum install certbot-nginx
```
and then set it up:
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/letsencrypt/
sudo certbot certonly --email <your@emailaddress> -d <yourdomain> --standalone
```
If that doesn’t work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesn’t work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again).
---
* Copy the example nginx configuration to the nginx folder
```shell
sudo cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d/pleroma.conf
```
* Before starting nginx edit the configuration and change it to your needs (e.g. change servername, change cert paths)
* Enable and start nginx:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now nginx
```
If you need to renew the certificate in the future, uncomment the relevant location block in the nginx config and run:
```shell
sudo certbot certonly --email <your@emailaddress> -d <yourdomain> --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/
```
#### Other webserver/proxies
You can find example configurations for them in `/opt/pleroma/installation/`.
#### Systemd service
* Copy example service file
```shell
sudo cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.service /etc/systemd/system/pleroma.service
```
* Edit the service file and make sure that all paths fit your installation
* Enable and start `pleroma.service`:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now pleroma.service
```
#### Create your first user
If your instance is up and running, you can create your first user with administrative rights with the following task:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.user new <username> <your@emailaddress> --admin
```
#### Further reading
* [Backup your instance](../administration/backup.md)
* [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md)
* [How to activate mediaproxy](../configuration/howto_mediaproxy.md)
* [Updating your instance](../administration/updating.md)
## Questions
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:matrix.org](https://matrix.heldscal.la/#/room/#freenode_#pleroma:matrix.org) or IRC Channel **#pleroma** on **Freenode**.

51
docs/installation/migrating_from_source_otp_en.md
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@ -1,42 +1,28 @@
# Switching a from-source install to OTP releases
## What are OTP releases?
OTP releases are as close as you can get to binary releases with Erlang/Elixir. The release is self-contained, and provides everything needed to boot it, it is easily administered via the provided shell script to open up a remote console, start/stop/restart the release, start in the background, send remote commands, and more.
### Can I still run the develop branch if I decide to use them?
Yes, we produce builds for every commit in `develop`. However `develop` is considered unstable, please don't use it in production because of faster access to new features, unless you need them as an app developer.
## Why would one want to switch?
Benefits of OTP releases over from-source installs include:
* **Less space used.** OTP releases come without source code, build tools, have docs and debug symbols stripped from the compiled bytecode and do not cointain tests, docs, revision history.
* **Minimal system dependencies.** Excluding the database and reverse proxy, only `curl`, `unzip` and `ncurses` are needed to download and run the release. Because Erlang runtime and Elixir are shipped with Pleroma, one can use the latest BEAM optimizations and Pleroma features, without having to worry about outdated system repos or a missing `erlang-*` package.
* **Potentially less bugs and better performance.** This extends on the previous point, because we have control over exactly what gets shipped, we can tweak the VM arguments and forget about weird bugs due to Erlang/Elixir version mismatches.
* **Faster and less bug-prone mix tasks.** On a from-source install one has to wait untill a new Pleroma node is started for each mix task and they execute outside of the instance context (for example if a user was deleted via a mix task, the instance will have no knowledge of that and continue to display status count and follows before the cache expires). Mix tasks in OTP releases are executed by calling into a running instance via RPC, which solves both of these problems.
### Sounds great, how do I switch?
Currently we support Linux machines with GNU (e.g. Debian, Ubuntu) or musl (e.g. Alpine) libc and `x86_64`, `aarch64` or `armv7l` CPUs. If you are unsure, check the [Detecting flavour](otp_en.md#detecting-flavour) section in OTP install guide. If your platform is supported, proceed with the guide, if not check the [My platform is not supported](#my-platform-is-not-supported) section.
### I don't think it is worth the effort, can I stay on a from-source install?
Yes, currently there are no plans to deprecate them.
### My platform is not supported
If you think your platform is a popular choice for running Pleroma instances, or has the potential to become one, you can [file an issue on our Gitlab](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/issues/new). If not, guides on how to build and update releases by yourself will be available soon.
## Pre-requisites
You will be running commands as root. If you aren't root already, please elevate your priviledges by executing `sudo su`/`su`.
The system needs to have `curl` and `unzip` installed for downloading and unpacking release builds.
Debian/Ubuntu:
```sh
```sh tab="Alpine"
apk add curl unzip
```
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
apt install curl unzip
```
Alpine:
```
apk add curl unzip
```
## Moving content out of the application directory
When using OTP releases the application directory changes with every version so it would be a bother to keep content there (and also dangerous unless `--no-rm` option is used when updating). Fortunately almost all paths in Pleroma are configurable, so it is possible to move them out of there.
Pleroma should be stopped before proceeding.
### Moving uploads/custom public files directory
```sh
# Create uploads directory and set proper permissions (skip if using a remote uploader)
# Note: It does not have to be `/var/lib/pleroma/uploads`, you can configure it to be something else later
@ -92,8 +78,8 @@ Before proceeding, get the flavour from [Detecting flavour](otp_en.md#detecting-
rm -r ~pleroma/*
# Set the flavour environment variable to the string you got in Detecting flavour section.
# For example if the flavour is `arm64-musl` the command will be
export FLAVOUR="arm64-musl"
# For example if the flavour is `amd64-musl` the command will be
export FLAVOUR="amd64-musl"
# Clone the release build into a temporary directory and unpack it
# Replace `stable` with `unstable` if you want to run the unstable branch
@ -124,8 +110,15 @@ OTP releases have different service files than from-source installs so they need
**Warning:** The service files assume pleroma user's home directory is `/opt/pleroma`, please make sure all paths fit your installation.
Debian/Ubuntu:
```sh
```sh tab="Alpine"
# Copy the service into a proper directory
cp -f ~pleroma/installation/init.d/pleroma /etc/init.d/pleroma
# Start pleroma
rc-service pleroma start
```
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
# Copy the service into a proper directory
cp ~pleroma/installation/pleroma.service /etc/systemd/system/pleroma.service
@ -139,14 +132,6 @@ systemctl reenable pleroma
systemctl start pleroma
```
Alpine:
```sh
# Copy the service into a proper directory
cp -f ~pleroma/installation/init.d/pleroma /etc/init.d/pleroma
# Start pleroma
rc-service pleroma start
```
## Running mix tasks
Refer to [Running mix tasks](otp_en.md#running-mix-tasks) section from OTP release installation guide.
## Updating

154
docs/installation/otp_en.md
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
You will be running commands as root. If you aren't root already, please elevate your priviledges by executing `sudo su`/`su`.
While in theory OTP releases are possbile to install on any compatible machine, for the sake of simplicity this guide focuses only on Debian/Ubuntu/Alpine.
While in theory OTP releases are possbile to install on any compatible machine, for the sake of simplicity this guide focuses only on Debian/Ubuntu and Alpine.
### Detecting flavour
@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ If your platform is supported the output will contain the flavour string, you wi
### Installing the required packages
Other than things bundled in the OTP release Pleroma depends on:
* curl (to download the release build)
* unzip (needed to unpack release builds)
* ncurses (ERTS won't run without it)
@ -27,18 +28,16 @@ Other than things bundled in the OTP release Pleroma depends on:
* nginx (could be swapped with another reverse proxy but this guide covers only it)
* certbot (for Let's Encrypt certificates, could be swapped with another ACME client, but this guide covers only it)
Debian/Ubuntu:
```sh
apt install curl unzip libncurses5 postgresql postgresql-contrib nginx certbot
```
Alpine:
```sh
```sh tab="Alpine"
echo "http://nl.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/community" >> /etc/apk/repositories
apk update
apk add curl unzip ncurses postgresql postgresql-contrib nginx certbot
```
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
apt install curl unzip libncurses5 postgresql postgresql-contrib nginx certbot
```
## Setup
### Configuring PostgreSQL
#### (Optional) Installing RUM indexes
@ -48,12 +47,7 @@ apk add curl unzip ncurses postgresql postgresql-contrib nginx certbot
RUM indexes are an alternative indexing scheme that is not included in PostgreSQL by default. You can read more about them on the [Configuration page](../configuration/cheatsheet.md#rum-indexing-for-full-text-search). They are completely optional and most of the time are not worth it, especially if you are running a single user instance (unless you absolutely need ordered search results).
Debian/Ubuntu (available only on Buster/19.04):
```sh
apt install postgresql-11-rum
```
Alpine:
```sh
```sh tab="Alpine"
apk add git build-base postgresql-dev
git clone https://github.com/postgrespro/rum /tmp/rum
cd /tmp/rum
@ -62,25 +56,31 @@ make USE_PGXS=1 install
cd
rm -r /tmp/rum
```
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
# Available only on Buster/19.04
apt install postgresql-11-rum
```
#### (Optional) Performance configuration
For optimal performance, you may use [PGTune](https://pgtune.leopard.in.ua), don't forget to restart postgresql after editing the configuration
Debian/Ubuntu:
```sh
systemctl restart postgresql
```
Alpine:
```sh
```sh tab="Alpine"
rc-service postgresql restart
```
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
systemctl restart postgresql
```
### Installing Pleroma
```sh
# Create the Pleroma user
# Create a Pleroma user
adduser --system --shell /bin/false --home /opt/pleroma pleroma
# Set the flavour environment variable to the string you got in Detecting flavour section.
# For example if the flavour is `arm64-musl` the command will be
export FLAVOUR="arm64-musl"
# For example if the flavour is `amd64-musl` the command will be
export FLAVOUR="amd64-musl"
# Clone the release build into a temporary directory and unpack it
su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "
@ -133,49 +133,52 @@ su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma stop"
### Setting up nginx and getting Let's Encrypt SSL certificaties
#### Get a Let's Encrypt certificate
```sh
# Get a Let's Encrypt certificate
certbot certonly --standalone --preferred-challenges http -d yourinstance.tld
```
# Copy the Pleroma nginx configuration to the nginx folder
# The location of nginx configs is dependent on the distro
#### Copy Pleroma nginx configuration to the nginx folder
# For Debian/Ubuntu:
The location of nginx configs is dependent on the distro
```sh tab="Alpine"
cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d/pleroma.conf
```
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/sites-available/pleroma.nginx
ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/pleroma.nginx
# For Alpine:
cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d/pleroma.conf
# If your distro does not have either of those you can append
# `include /etc/nginx/pleroma.conf` to the end of the http section in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf and
cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/pleroma.conf
```
# Edit the nginx config replacing example.tld with your (sub)domain
If your distro does not have either of those you can append `include /etc/nginx/pleroma.conf` to the end of the http section in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf and
```sh
cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/pleroma.conf
```
#### Edit the nginx config
```sh
# Replace example.tld with your (sub)domain
$EDITOR path-to-nginx-config
# Verify that the config is valid
nginx -t
```
#### Start nginx
# Start nginx
# For Debian/Ubuntu:
systemctl start nginx
# For Alpine:
```sh tab="Alpine"
rc-service nginx start
```
At this point if you open your (sub)domain in a browser you should see a 502 error, that's because pleroma is not started yet.
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
systemctl start nginx
```
At this point if you open your (sub)domain in a browser you should see a 502 error, that's because Pleroma is not started yet.
### Setting up a system service
Debian/Ubuntu:
```sh
# Copy the service into a proper directory
cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.service /etc/systemd/system/pleroma.service
# Start pleroma and enable it on boot
systemctl start pleroma
systemctl enable pleroma
```
Alpine:
```sh
```sh tab="Alpine"
# Copy the service into a proper directory
cp /opt/pleroma/installation/init.d/pleroma /etc/init.d/pleroma
@ -184,13 +187,22 @@ rc-service pleroma start
rc-update add pleroma
```
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
# Copy the service into a proper directory
cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.service /etc/systemd/system/pleroma.service
# Start pleroma and enable it on boot
systemctl start pleroma
systemctl enable pleroma
```
If everything worked, you should see Pleroma-FE when visiting your domain. If that didn't happen, try reviewing the installation steps, starting Pleroma in the foreground and seeing if there are any errrors.
Still doesn't work? Feel free to contact us on [#pleroma on freenode](https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=%23pleroma) or via matrix at <https://matrix.heldscal.la/#/room/#freenode_#pleroma:matrix.org>, you can also [file an issue on our Gitlab](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/issues/new)
Still doesn't work? Feel free to contact us on [#pleroma on freenode](https://irc.pleroma.social) or via matrix at <https://matrix.heldscal.la/#/room/#freenode_#pleroma:matrix.org>, you can also [file an issue on our Gitlab](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma-support/issues/new)
## Post installation
### Setting up auto-renew Let's Encrypt certificate
### Setting up auto-renew of the Let's Encrypt certificate
```sh
# Create the directory for webroot challenges
mkdir -p /var/lib/letsencrypt
@ -201,25 +213,8 @@ $EDITOR path-to-nginx-config
# Verify that the config is valid
nginx -t
```
Debian/Ubuntu:
```sh
# Restart nginx
systemctl restart nginx
# Ensure the webroot menthod and post hook is working
certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --dry-run --post-hook 'systemctl nginx reload'
# Add it to the daily cron
echo '#!/bin/sh
certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --post-hook "systemctl reload nginx"
' > /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
chmod +x /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
# If everything worked the output should contain /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
run-parts --test /etc/cron.daily
```
Alpine:
```sh
```sh tab="Alpine"
# Restart nginx
rc-service nginx restart
@ -236,15 +231,25 @@ certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --
' > /etc/periodic/daily/renew-pleroma-cert
chmod +x /etc/periodic/daily/renew-pleroma-cert
# If everything worked this should output /etc/periodic/daily/renew-pleroma-cert
# If everything worked the output should contain /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
run-parts --test /etc/periodic/daily
```
### Running mix tasks
Throughout the wiki and guides there is a lot of references to mix tasks. Since `mix` is a build tool, you can't just call `mix pleroma.task`, instead you should call `pleroma_ctl` stripping pleroma/ecto namespace.
So for example, if the task is `mix pleroma.user set admin --admin`, you should run it like this:
```sh
su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl user set admin --admin"
```sh tab="Debian/Ubuntu"
# Restart nginx
systemctl restart nginx
# Ensure the webroot menthod and post hook is working
certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --dry-run --post-hook 'systemctl reload nginx'
# Add it to the daily cron
echo '#!/bin/sh
certbot renew --cert-name yourinstance.tld --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ --post-hook "systemctl reload nginx"
' > /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
chmod +x /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
# If everything worked the output should contain /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
run-parts --test /etc/cron.daily
```
## Create your first user and set as admin
@ -270,4 +275,3 @@ But you should **always check the release notes/changelog** in case there are co
* [Backup your instance](../administration/backup.md)
* [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md)
* [How to activate mediaproxy](../configuration/howto_mediaproxy.md)
* [Updating your instance](../administration/updating.md)