Support to display a limited set of HTML tags

HTML tag support is aligned with Mastodon 4.2 supported tags.
This code introduces a soft dependency on the urwidgets library.
If urwidgets is not available, HTML tags are still supported,
but hyperlinks are not underlined using the OCS 8 terminal
feature (on supported terminals).

.flake8

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 [flake8]
 exclude=build,tests,tmp,venv,toot/tui/scroll.py
 ignore=E128,W503
+per-file-ignores=toot/tui/stubs/urwidgets.py:F401
 max-line-length=120

toot/tui/app.py

@@ -143,7 +143,6 @@ class TUI(urwid.Frame):
     def run(self):
         self.loop.set_alarm_in(0, lambda *args: self.async_load_instance())
         self.loop.set_alarm_in(0, lambda *args: self.async_load_followed_accounts())
-        self.loop.set_alarm_in(0, lambda *args: self.async_load_followed_tags())
         self.loop.set_alarm_in(0, lambda *args: self.async_load_timeline(
             is_initial=True, timeline_name="home"))
         self.loop.run()
@@ -339,22 +338,6 @@ class TUI(urwid.Frame):
 
         self.run_in_thread(_load_accounts, done_callback=_done_accounts)
 
-    def async_load_followed_tags(self):
-        def _load_tag_list():
-            try:
-                return api.followed_tags(self.app, self.user)
-            except ApiError:
-                # not supported by all Mastodon servers so fail silently if necessary
-                return []
-
-        def _done_tag_list(tags):
-            if len(tags) > 0:
-                self.followed_tags = [t["name"] for t in tags]
-            else:
-                self.followed_tags = []
-
-        self.run_in_thread(_load_tag_list, done_callback=_done_tag_list)
-
     def refresh_footer(self, timeline):
         """Show status details in footer."""
         status, index, count = timeline.get_focused_status_with_counts()

toot/tui/constants.py

@@ -57,6 +57,29 @@ PALETTE = [
     ('dim', 'dark gray', ''),
     ('highlight', 'yellow', ''),
     ('success', 'dark green', ''),
+
+    # HTML tag styling
+    ('a', ',italics', '', 'italics'),
+    # em tag is mapped to i
+    ('i', ',italics', '', 'italics'),
+    # strong tag is mapped to b
+    ('b', ',bold', '', 'bold'),
+    # special case for bold + italic nested tags
+    ('bi', ',bold,italics', '', ',bold,italics'),
+    ('u', ',underline', '', ',underline'),
+    ('del', ',strikethrough', '', ',strikethrough'),
+    ('code', 'light gray, standout', '', ',standout'),
+    ('pre', 'light gray, standout', '', ',standout'),
+    ('blockquote', 'light gray', '', ''),
+    ('h1', ',bold', '', ',bold'),
+    ('h2', ',bold', '', ',bold'),
+    ('h3', ',bold', '', ',bold'),
+    ('h4', ',bold', '', ',bold'),
+    ('h5', ',bold', '', ',bold'),
+    ('h6', ',bold', '', ',bold'),
+    ('class_mention_hashtag', 'light cyan', '', ''),
+    ('class_hashtag', 'light cyan', '', ''),
+
 ]
 
 VISIBILITY_OPTIONS = [

toot/tui/overlays.py

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ import urwid
 import webbrowser
 
 from toot import __version__
-from toot.utils import format_content
-from .utils import highlight_hashtags, highlight_keys
-from .widgets import Button, EditBox, SelectableText
 from toot import api
+from toot.tui.utils import highlight_keys
+from toot.tui.widgets import Button, EditBox, SelectableText
+from toot.tui.richtext import ContentParser
 
 
 class StatusSource(urwid.Padding):
@@ -255,6 +255,8 @@ class Account(urwid.ListBox):
         super().__init__(walker)
 
     def generate_contents(self, account, relationship=None, last_action=None):
+        parser = ContentParser()
+
         if self.last_action and not self.last_action.startswith("Confirm"):
             yield Button(f"Confirm {self.last_action}", on_press=take_action, user_data=self)
             yield Button("Cancel", on_press=cancel_action, user_data=self)
@@ -279,8 +281,10 @@ class Account(urwid.ListBox):
 
         if account["note"]:
             yield urwid.Divider()
-            for line in format_content(account["note"]):
-                yield urwid.Text(highlight_hashtags(line, followed_tags=set()))
+
+            widgetlist = parser.html_to_widgets(account["note"])
+            for line in widgetlist:
+                yield (line)
 
         yield urwid.Divider()
         yield urwid.Text(["ID: ", ("highlight", f"{account['id']}")])
@@ -312,8 +316,11 @@ class Account(urwid.ListBox):
                 name = field["name"].title()
                 yield urwid.Divider()
                 yield urwid.Text([("bold", f"{name.rstrip(':')}"), ":"])
-                for line in format_content(field["value"]):
-                    yield urwid.Text(highlight_hashtags(line, followed_tags=set()))
+
+                widgetlist = parser.html_to_widgets(field["value"])
+                for line in widgetlist:
+                    yield (line)
+
                 if field["verified_at"]:
                     yield urwid.Text(("success", "✓ Verified"))
 

toot/tui/poll.py

@@ -2,11 +2,9 @@ import urwid
 
 from toot import api
 from toot.exceptions import ApiError
-from toot.utils import format_content
 from toot.utils.datetime import parse_datetime
-
-from .utils import highlight_hashtags
 from .widgets import Button, CheckBox, RadioButton
+from .richtext import ContentParser
 
 
 class Poll(urwid.ListBox):
@@ -87,8 +85,12 @@ class Poll(urwid.ListBox):
 
     def generate_contents(self, status):
         yield urwid.Divider()
-        for line in format_content(status.data["content"]):
-            yield urwid.Text(highlight_hashtags(line, set()))
+
+        parser = ContentParser()
+        widgetlist = parser.html_to_widgets(status.data["content"])
+
+        for line in widgetlist:
+            yield (line)
 
         yield urwid.Divider()
         yield self.build_linebox(self.generate_poll_detail())

toot/tui/richtext.py

@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
+"""
+richtext
+"""
+from typing import List, Tuple
+import re
+import urwid
+import unicodedata
+from .constants import PALETTE
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+from bs4.element import NavigableString, Tag
+from .stubs.urwidgets import TextEmbed, Hyperlink, parse_text, has_urwidgets
+from urwid.util import decompose_tagmarkup
+from toot.utils import urlencode_url
+
+
+class ContentParser:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.palette_names = []
+        for p in PALETTE:
+            self.palette_names.append(p[0])
+
+        """Parse a limited subset of HTML and create urwid widgets."""
+
+    def html_to_widgets(self, html, recovery_attempt=False) -> List[urwid.Widget]:
+        """Convert html to urwid widgets"""
+        widgets: List[urwid.Widget] = []
+        html = unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", html)
+        soup = BeautifulSoup(html.replace("'", "'"), "html.parser")
+        first_tag = True
+        for e in soup.body or soup:
+            if isinstance(e, NavigableString):
+                if first_tag and not recovery_attempt:
+                    # if our first "tag" is a navigable string
+                    # the HTML is out of spec, doesn't start with a tag,
+                    # we see this in content from Pixelfed servers.
+                    # attempt a fix by wrapping the HTML with <p></p>
+                    return self.html_to_widgets(f"<p>{html}</p>", recovery_attempt=True)
+                else:
+                    continue
+            else:
+                name = e.name
+                # if our HTML starts with a tag, but not a block tag
+                # the HTML is out of spec. Attempt a fix by wrapping the
+                # HTML with <p></p>
+                if (
+                    first_tag
+                    and not recovery_attempt
+                    and name
+                    not in (
+                        "p",
+                        "pre",
+                        "li",
+                        "blockquote",
+                        "h1",
+                        "h2",
+                        "h3",
+                        "h4",
+                        "h5",
+                        "h6",
+                    )  # NOTE: update this list if Mastodon starts supporting more block tags
+                ):
+                    return self.html_to_widgets(f"<p>{html}</p>", recovery_attempt=True)
+
+                # First, look for a custom tag handler method in this class
+                # If that fails, fall back to inline_tag_to_text handler
+                method = getattr(self, "_" + name, self.inline_tag_to_text)
+                markup = method(e)  # either returns a Widget, or plain text
+                first_tag = False
+
+            if not isinstance(markup, urwid.Widget):
+                # plaintext, so create a padded text widget
+                txt = self.text_to_widget("", markup)
+                markup = urwid.Padding(
+                    txt,
+                    align="left",
+                    width=("relative", 100),
+                    min_width=None,
+                )
+            widgets.append(markup)
+            # separate top level widgets with a blank line
+            widgets.append(urwid.Divider(" "))
+        return widgets[:-1]  # but suppress the last blank line
+
+    def inline_tag_to_text(self, tag) -> Tuple:
+        """Convert html tag to plain text with tag as attributes recursively"""
+        markups = self.process_inline_tag_children(tag)
+        if not markups:
+            return (tag.name, "")
+        return (tag.name, markups)
+
+    def process_inline_tag_children(self, tag) -> List:
+        """Recursively retrieve all children
+        and convert to a list of markup text"""
+        markups = []
+        for child in tag.children:
+            if isinstance(child, Tag):
+                method = getattr(self, "_" + child.name, self.inline_tag_to_text)
+                markup = method(child)
+                markups.append(markup)
+            else:
+                markups.append(child)
+        return markups
+
+    def text_to_widget(self, attr, markup) -> urwid.Widget:
+        if not has_urwidgets:
+            return urwid.Text((attr, markup))
+
+        TRANSFORM = {
+            # convert http[s] URLs to Hyperlink widgets for nesting in a TextEmbed widget
+            re.compile(r"(^.+)\x03(.+$)"): lambda g: (
+                len(g[1]),
+                urwid.Filler(Hyperlink(g[2], anchor_attr, g[1])),
+            ),
+        }
+        markup_list = []
+
+        for run in markup:
+            if isinstance(run, tuple):
+                txt, attr_list = decompose_tagmarkup(run)
+                # find anchor titles with an ETX separator followed by href
+                m = re.match(r"(^.+)\x03(.+$)", txt)
+                if m:
+                    anchor_attr = self.get_best_anchor_attr(attr_list)
+                    markup_list.append(
+                        parse_text(
+                            txt,
+                            TRANSFORM,
+                            lambda pattern, groups, span: TRANSFORM[pattern](groups),
+                        )
+                    )
+                else:
+                    markup_list.append(run)
+            else:
+                markup_list.append(run)
+
+        return TextEmbed(markup_list)
+
+    def process_block_tag_children(self, tag) -> List[urwid.Widget]:
+        """Recursively retrieve all children
+        and convert to a list of widgets
+        any inline tags containing text will be
+        converted to Text widgets"""
+
+        pre_widget_markups = []
+        post_widget_markups = []
+        child_widgets = []
+        found_nested_widget = False
+
+        for child in tag.children:
+            if isinstance(child, Tag):
+                # child is a nested tag; process using custom method
+                # or default to inline_tag_to_text
+                method = getattr(self, "_" + child.name, self.inline_tag_to_text)
+                result = method(child)
+                if isinstance(result, urwid.Widget):
+                    found_nested_widget = True
+                    child_widgets.append(result)
+                else:
+                    if not found_nested_widget:
+                        pre_widget_markups.append(result)
+                    else:
+                        post_widget_markups.append(result)
+            else:
+                # child is text; append to the appropriate markup list
+                if not found_nested_widget:
+                    pre_widget_markups.append(child)
+                else:
+                    post_widget_markups.append(child)
+
+        widget_list = []
+        if len(pre_widget_markups):
+            widget_list.append(self.text_to_widget(tag.name, pre_widget_markups))
+
+        if len(child_widgets):
+            widget_list += child_widgets
+
+        if len(post_widget_markups):
+            widget_list.append(self.text_to_widget(tag.name, post_widget_markups))
+
+        return widget_list
+
+    def get_urwid_attr_name(self, tag) -> str:
+        """Get the class name and translate to a
+        name suitable for use as an urwid
+        text attribute name"""
+
+        if "class" in tag.attrs:
+            clss = tag.attrs["class"]
+            if len(clss) > 0:
+                style_name = "class_" + "_".join(clss)
+                # return the class name, only if we
+                # find it as a defined palette name
+                if style_name in self.palette_names:
+                    return style_name
+
+        # fallback to returning the tag name
+        return tag.name
+
+    # Tag handlers start here.
+    # Tags not explicitly listed are "supported" by
+    # rendering as text.
+    # Inline tags return a list of marked up text for urwid.Text
+    # Block tags return urwid.Widget
+
+    def basic_block_tag_handler(self, tag) -> urwid.Widget:
+        """default for block tags that need no special treatment"""
+        return urwid.Pile(self.process_block_tag_children(tag))
+
+    def get_best_anchor_attr(self, attrib_list) -> str:
+        if not attrib_list:
+            return ""
+        flat_al = list(flatten(attrib_list))
+
+        for a in flat_al[0]:
+            # ref: https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/activitypub/
+            # these are the class names (translated to attrib names)
+            # that we can support for display
+
+            try:
+                if a[0] in ["class_hashtag", "class_mention_hashtag", "class_mention"]:
+                    return a[0]
+            except KeyError:
+                continue
+
+        return "a"
+
+    def _a(self, tag) -> Tuple:
+        """anchor tag handler"""
+
+        markups = self.process_inline_tag_children(tag)
+        if not markups:
+            return (tag.name, "")
+
+        href = tag.attrs["href"]
+        title, attrib_list = decompose_tagmarkup(markups)
+        if not attrib_list:
+            attrib_list = [tag]
+        if href and has_urwidgets:
+            # only if we have urwidgets loaded for OCS 8 hyperlinks:
+            # urlencode the path and query portions of the URL
+            href = urlencode_url(href)
+            # use ASCII ETX (end of record) as a
+            # delimiter between the title and the HREF
+            title += f"\x03{href}"
+
+        attr = self.get_best_anchor_attr(attrib_list)
+
+        if attr == "a":
+            # didn't find an attribute to use
+            # in the child markup, so let's
+            # try the anchor tag's own attributes
+
+            attr = self.get_urwid_attr_name(tag)
+
+        # hashtag anchors have a class of "mention hashtag"
+        # or "hashtag"
+        # we'll return style "class_mention_hashtag"
+        # or "class_hashtag"
+        # in that case; see corresponding palette entry
+        # in constants.py controlling hashtag highlighting
+
+        return (attr, title)
+
+    def _blockquote(self, tag) -> urwid.Widget:
+        widget_list = self.process_block_tag_children(tag)
+        blockquote_widget = urwid.LineBox(
+            urwid.Padding(
+                urwid.Pile(widget_list),
+                align="left",
+                width=("relative", 100),
+                min_width=None,
+                left=1,
+                right=1,
+            ),
+            tlcorner="",
+            tline="",
+            lline="│",
+            trcorner="",
+            blcorner="",
+            rline="",
+            bline="",
+            brcorner="",
+        )
+        return urwid.Pile([urwid.AttrMap(blockquote_widget, "blockquote")])
+
+    def _br(self, tag) -> Tuple:
+        return ("br", "\n")
+
+    def _em(self, tag) -> Tuple:
+        # to simplify the number of palette entries
+        # translate EM to I (italic)
+        markups = self.process_inline_tag_children(tag)
+        if not markups:
+            return ("i", "")
+
+        # special case processing for bold and italic
+        for parent in tag.parents:
+            if parent.name == "b" or parent.name == "strong":
+                return ("bi", markups)
+
+        return ("i", markups)
+
+    def _ol(self, tag) -> urwid.Widget:
+        """ordered list tag handler"""
+
+        widgets = []
+        list_item_num = 1
+        increment = -1 if tag.has_attr("reversed") else 1
+
+        # get ol start= attribute if present
+        if tag.has_attr("start") and len(tag.attrs["start"]) > 0:
+            try:
+                list_item_num = int(tag.attrs["start"])
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        for li in tag.find_all("li", recursive=False):
+            method = getattr(self, "_li", self.inline_tag_to_text)
+            markup = method(li)
+
+            # li value= attribute will change the item number
+            # it also overrides any ol start= attribute
+
+            if li.has_attr("value") and len(li.attrs["value"]) > 0:
+                try:
+                    list_item_num = int(li.attrs["value"])
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+
+            if not isinstance(markup, urwid.Widget):
+                txt = self.text_to_widget("li", [str(list_item_num), ". ", markup])
+                # 1. foo, 2. bar, etc.
+                widgets.append(txt)
+            else:
+                txt = self.text_to_widget("li", [str(list_item_num), ". "])
+                columns = urwid.Columns(
+                    [txt, ("weight", 9999, markup)], dividechars=1, min_width=3
+                )
+                widgets.append(columns)
+
+            list_item_num += increment
+
+        return urwid.Pile(widgets)
+
+    def _pre(self, tag) -> urwid.Widget:
+        # <PRE> tag spec says that text should not wrap,
+        # but horizontal screen space is at a premium
+        # and we have no horizontal scroll bar, so allow
+        # wrapping.
+
+        widget_list = [urwid.Divider(" ")]
+        widget_list += self.process_block_tag_children(tag)
+
+        pre_widget = urwid.Padding(
+            urwid.Pile(widget_list),
+            align="left",
+            width=("relative", 100),
+            min_width=None,
+            left=1,
+            right=1,
+        )
+        return urwid.Pile([urwid.AttrMap(pre_widget, "pre")])
+
+    def _span(self, tag) -> Tuple:
+        markups = self.process_inline_tag_children(tag)
+
+        if not markups:
+            return (tag.name, "")
+
+        # span inherits its parent's class definition
+        # unless it has a specific class definition
+        # of its own
+
+        if "class" in tag.attrs:
+            # uncomment the following code to hide all HTML marked
+            # invisible (generally, the http:// prefix of URLs)
+            # could be a user preference, it's only advisable if
+            # the terminal supports OCS 8 hyperlinks (and that's not
+            # automatically detectable)
+
+            # if "invisible" in tag.attrs["class"]:
+            #     return (tag.name, "")
+
+            style_name = self.get_urwid_attr_name(tag)
+
+            if style_name != "span":
+                # unique class name matches an entry in our palette
+                return (style_name, markups)
+
+        if tag.parent:
+            return (self.get_urwid_attr_name(tag.parent), markups)
+        else:
+            # fallback
+            return ("span", markups)
+
+    def _strong(self, tag) -> Tuple:
+        # to simplify the number of palette entries
+        # translate STRONG to B (bold)
+        markups = self.process_inline_tag_children(tag)
+        if not markups:
+            return ("b", "")
+
+        # special case processing for bold and italic
+        for parent in tag.parents:
+            if parent.name == "i" or parent.name == "em":
+                return ("bi", markups)
+
+        return ("b", markups)
+
+    def _ul(self, tag) -> urwid.Widget:
+        """unordered list tag handler"""
+
+        widgets = []
+
+        for li in tag.find_all("li", recursive=False):
+            method = getattr(self, "_li", self.inline_tag_to_text)
+            markup = method(li)
+
+            if not isinstance(markup, urwid.Widget):
+                txt = self.text_to_widget("li", ["\N{bullet} ", markup])
+                # * foo, * bar, etc.
+                widgets.append(txt)
+            else:
+                txt = self.text_to_widget("li", ["\N{bullet} "])
+                columns = urwid.Columns(
+                    [txt, ("weight", 9999, markup)], dividechars=1, min_width=3
+                )
+                widgets.append(columns)
+
+        return urwid.Pile(widgets)
+
+    # These tags are handled identically to others
+    # the only difference being the tag name used for
+    # urwid attribute mapping
+
+    _b = _strong
+
+    _div = basic_block_tag_handler
+
+    _i = _em
+
+    _li = basic_block_tag_handler
+
+    # Glitch-soc and Pleroma allow <H1>...<H6> in content
+    # Mastodon (PR #23913) does not; header tags are converted to <P><STRONG></STRONG></P>
+
+    _h1 = _h2 = _h3 = _h4 = _h5 = _h6 = basic_block_tag_handler
+
+    _p = basic_block_tag_handler
+
+
+def flatten(data):
+    if isinstance(data, tuple):
+        for x in data:
+            yield from flatten(x)
+    else:
+        yield data

toot/tui/stubs/stub_hyperlink.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+__all__ = ("Hyperlink",)
+
+import urwid
+
+
+class Hyperlink(urwid.WidgetWrap):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        uri,
+        attr,
+        text,
+    ):
+        pass
+
+    def render(self, size, focus):
+        return None
+
+
+class HyperlinkCanvas(urwid.Canvas):
+    def __init__(self, uri: str, text_canv: urwid.TextCanvas):
+        pass
+
+    def cols(self):
+        return 0
+
+    def content(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        yield [None]
+
+    def rows(self):
+        return 0

toot/tui/stubs/stub_text_embed.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+__all__ = ("parse_text", "TextEmbed")
+
+import urwid
+
+
+class TextEmbed(urwid.Text):
+    def get_text(
+        self,
+    ):
+        return None
+
+    def render(self, size, focus):
+        return None
+
+    def set_text(self, markup):
+        pass
+
+    def set_wrap_mode(self, mode):
+        pass
+
+
+def parse_text(
+    text,
+    patterns,
+    repl,
+    *repl_args,
+    **repl_kwargs,
+):
+    return None

toot/tui/stubs/urwidgets.py

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# If urwidgets is loaded use it; otherwise use our stubs
+try:
+    from urwidgets import Hyperlink, TextEmbed, parse_text
+    has_urwidgets = True
+except ImportError:
+    from .stub_hyperlink import Hyperlink
+    from .stub_text_embed import TextEmbed, parse_text
+    has_urwidgets = False

toot/tui/timeline.py

@@ -1,18 +1,21 @@
 import logging
+import re
 import urwid
 import webbrowser
 
 from typing import List, Optional
 
 from toot.tui import app
-from toot.utils import format_content
 from toot.utils.datetime import parse_datetime, time_ago
 from toot.utils.language import language_name
 
-from .entities import Status
-from .scroll import Scrollable, ScrollBar
-from .utils import highlight_hashtags, highlight_keys
-from .widgets import SelectableText, SelectableColumns
+from toot.entities import Status
+from toot.tui.scroll import Scrollable, ScrollBar
+from toot.tui.utils import highlight_keys
+from toot.tui.widgets import SelectableText, SelectableColumns
+from toot.tui.richtext import ContentParser
+from toot.utils import urlencode_url
+from toot.tui.stubs.urwidgets import Hyperlink, TextEmbed, parse_text, has_urwidgets
 
 logger = logging.getLogger("toot")
 
@@ -310,7 +313,6 @@ class Timeline(urwid.Columns):
 class StatusDetails(urwid.Pile):
     def __init__(self, timeline: Timeline, status: Optional[Status]):
         self.status = status
-        self.followed_tags = timeline.tui.followed_tags
         self.followed_accounts = timeline.tui.followed_accounts
 
         reblogged_by = status.author if status and status.reblog else None
@@ -318,6 +320,20 @@ class StatusDetails(urwid.Pile):
             if status else ())
         return super().__init__(widget_list)
 
+    def linkify_content(self, text) -> urwid.Widget:
+        if not has_urwidgets:
+            return urwid.Text(("link", text))
+        TRANSFORM = {
+            # convert http[s] URLs to Hyperlink widgets for nesting in a TextEmbed widget
+            re.compile(r'(https?://[^\s]+)'):
+                lambda g: (len(g[1]), urwid.Filler(Hyperlink(urlencode_url(g[1]), "link", g[1]))),
+        }
+        markup_list = []
+
+        markup_list.append(parse_text(text, TRANSFORM,
+            lambda pattern, groups, span: TRANSFORM[pattern](groups)))
+        return TextEmbed(markup_list, align='left')
+
     def content_generator(self, status, reblogged_by):
         if reblogged_by:
             text = "♺ {} boosted".format(reblogged_by.display_name or reblogged_by.username)
@@ -340,8 +356,12 @@ class StatusDetails(urwid.Pile):
             yield ("pack", urwid.Text(("content_warning", "Marked as sensitive. Press S to view.")))
         else:
             content = status.original.translation if status.original.show_translation else status.data["content"]
-            for line in format_content(content):
-                yield ("pack", urwid.Text(highlight_hashtags(line, self.followed_tags)))
+
+            parser = ContentParser()
+            widgetlist = parser.html_to_widgets(content)
+
+            for line in widgetlist:
+                yield (line)
 
             media = status.data["media_attachments"]
             if media:
@@ -350,7 +370,7 @@ class StatusDetails(urwid.Pile):
                     yield ("pack", urwid.Text([("bold", "Media attachment"), " (", m["type"], ")"]))
                     if m["description"]:
                         yield ("pack", urwid.Text(m["description"]))
-                    yield ("pack", urwid.Text(("link", m["url"])))
+                    yield ("pack", self.linkify_content(m["url"]))
 
             poll = status.original.data.get("poll")
             if poll:
@@ -410,7 +430,7 @@ class StatusDetails(urwid.Pile):
         if card["description"]:
             yield urwid.Text(card["description"].strip())
             yield urwid.Text("")
-        yield urwid.Text(("link", card["url"]))
+        yield self.linkify_content(card["url"])
 
     def poll_generator(self, poll):
         for idx, option in enumerate(poll["options"]):

toot/tui/urwidgets.py

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# If urwidgets is loaded use it; otherwise use our stubs
+try:
+    from urwidgets import Hyperlink, TextEmbed, parse_text  # noqa: F401
+    has_urwidgets = True
+except ImportError:
+    from .stub_hyperlink import Hyperlink  # noqa: F401
+    from .stub_text_embed import TextEmbed, parse_text  # noqa: F401
+    has_urwidgets = False

toot/tui/utils.py

@@ -35,21 +35,6 @@ def highlight_keys(text, high_attr, low_attr=""):
     return list(_gen())
 
 
-def highlight_hashtags(line, followed_tags, attr="hashtag", followed_attr="hashtag_followed"):
-    hline = []
-
-    for p in re.split(HASHTAG_PATTERN, line):
-        if p.startswith("#"):
-            if p[1:].lower() in (t.lower() for t in followed_tags):
-                hline.append((followed_attr, p))
-            else:
-                hline.append((attr, p))
-        else:
-            hline.append(p)
-
-    return hline
-
-
 def show_media(paths):
     """
     Attempt to open an image viewer to show given media files.

toot/utils/__init__.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 from typing import Dict
 
 from toot.exceptions import ConsoleError
+from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlencode, quote, unquote
 
 
 def str_bool(b):
@@ -186,3 +187,14 @@ def _warn_scheme_deprecated():
         "instead write:",
         "  toot instance http://unsafehost.com\n"
     ]))
+
+
+def urlencode_url(url):
+    parsed_url = urlparse(url)
+
+    # unencode before encoding, to prevent double-urlencoding
+    encoded_path = quote(unquote(parsed_url.path), safe="-._~()'!*:@,;+&=/")
+    encoded_query = urlencode({k: quote(unquote(v), safe="-._~()'!*:@,;?/") for k, v in parsed_url.params})
+    encoded_url = parsed_url._replace(path=encoded_path, params=encoded_query).geturl()
+
+    return encoded_url